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Introduction
This is the final result, when part of the modules are shaded, the power curve no longer has one peak, but two or three. The highest peak can be in the middle, and this is the trap for ordinary MPPT algorithms. Let's start. Hello, welcome to episode two of the Fuzzy-Neural Solar Panel MPPT series. In the real world, shadows from trees, buildings, clouds, or dirt often cover part of the panels. This is what is called partial shading. Today we will set up three series-connected modules with bypass diodes and see how shadows change the power curve.
Step 1: Module Voltage & Bypass Diode
We add three functions to pv_underscore_model_dot_py. Modules connected in series have the same current, so we need the inverse current function, the voltage function calculates the voltage of the module for a specific current, also using Newton-Raphson. If the current exceeds the capability of the module under shadow, the bypass diode turns on and holds the module voltage at minus 0.7 volts, so the module is bypassed, not hindering the entire series. The IV curve function sweeps the current from 0 to the maximum current, sums the voltages of the three modules, then produces the voltage, current, and power curves.
Step 2: Series Array Curve
The power function reads the output power at a specific operating voltage with interpolation. This function will later be used by MPPT, as if reading voltage and current sensors. Create file partial_underscore_shading.py
Step 3: Shadow Pattern & Peak Finder
We prepare three irradiance patterns, uniform at 1000 watts per square meter, light shading with one module at 400, and heavy shading with 1000, 600, and 300. The peak function finds all points higher than its neighbors, which are local peaks on the PV curve.
Step 4: Local vs Global Peaks
Run. The uniform pattern has one peak, 600 watts at 79 volts. Light shading has two peaks, and heavy shading has three peaks, around 190, 256, and 201 watts. The global peak is in the middle, around 54 volts. The IV curve has a staircase shape due to the bypass diode, and the PV curve shows local peaks as black dots and the global peak as a red star. An MPPT starting from high voltage will find the right peak and stop there, losing about 20% of power. Done. We have modeled an area of three series-connected modules with bypass diodes, simulated partial shading, and found many local peaks on the PV curve. In the next episode, we will write the classic MPPT, perturb and observe, and incremental conductance, then see them stuck at local peaks. Currently working on a thesis, dissertation, or research in the field of solar energy and renewable energy? Cerdas Inovasi Digital helps with the implementation of solar panel simulations, from single diode models, partial shading, MPPT methods such as perturb and observe and incremental conductance, fuzzy logic, up to ANVIS, and also offers programming Python courses for electrical engineering. Want to master the entire series, from solar panel models to comparisons of all MPPT methods? All six episodes, complete with PDF step-by-step guides and source code, are available to premium tutorial subscribers. Subscribe starting at Rp69.000 per month, save 28% with the 12-month package, or pay once Rp999.000 for lifetime access. Want just one class? Buy individual classes with lifetime access. Subscribe now at the premium page cerdasinovasidigital.com Contact us via WhatsApp, or visit cerdasinovasidigital.com Thank you for watching, see you in the next episode.
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Cerdas Inovasi Digital Team
Software developers, BIM & 3D engineers, and AI practitioners
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